The Bedford Researcher Chapter 17 Summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
5/19/14

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 17 Summary

       Chapter 17 of the Bedford Researcher is all about revising and editing your document. What many writers should focus on while revising their documents is considering their writing situation, arguments and ideas, structure of your document, and the design and genre. If a writer has many of those considerations down than their revision will be strong. A writer should make sure that their paragraphs flow along with their evidence, while being structured in a way that is easy to read. A good strategy for revising would be to put yourself in your readers shoes and critique your paper then. You could challenge your assumptions, play the "so what" game or the devils advocate. Another way to get started revising is to make multiple drafts so you don over revise a particular section of your paper and highlight main sections of your paper.
      In addition, asking for feedback can be the biggest help possible for revision. Also focusing on accuracy, economy, and consistency will help in your revision.Make sure your grammar, spelling and punctuation are all correct because it is easy to overlook that. More strategies include: reading carefully and marking and searching your document. Much of these strategies are making sure you read through your grammar, evidence, and flow closely and carefully because if you do that along with receiving feedback your revision should be excellent.  

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 14 Summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
5/19/14

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 14 Summary

       Chapter 14 of the Bedford Researcher discusses how to draft your paper properly. There are many ways in approaching how to draft your document such as drafting based on your outline. Creating an outline gives a writer the foundation of their paper for then they can go off their outline to create the paper. Drafting effective papers is what a writer wants. Some ways to draft an effective paper include: Focusing on a central idea or follow an organizing pattern such as chronology, description, or cause/effect. Using details to capture your readers attention is a good idea along with integrating information from sources and creating transitions between paragraphs.

     The next step would be to draft your introduction. Framing the issue is key when starting this process. Selecting a strategy is also a good idea for your paper. Some strategies include: Stating the topic, establish the context, define the problem, or asking a question. Even with a good intro making sure your document is easy to follow will make less work for the reader Using headings and subheadings, providing a map, or using a menu will help organize your document. Conclusions are a writers last chance to convert the readers. Great strategies for conclusions include: Closing with quotations, closing with a story, closing with a question, or calling your readers to action are all ways in which to finally convert your readers to your points.

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 18 Summary

William Hofmann
English 102
5/12/14

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 18 Summary

       

       Chapter 18 consists mostly of understanding design principles with your paper. It is good for a writer to realize design principles fundamental components such as balance, emphasis, placement, repetition, and consistency. Many of those components make sure your paper includes the right use of elements such as determining if arguments are related, consistency for the entire paper, alignment of your paper, or the use of headers or footers. Many of these components if not designed correctly can throw your reader off. Even if your arguments, thesis, and body paragraphs are outstanding, if your design is out of line your reader may have a difficult time reading your document. 

      Organizing your document by providing headings or subheadings can really help your reader read your paper without trying to figure out what your talking about. In addition, helping your readers locate information and ideas is also a good idea because it provides less work for them and the less work for readers the better. This also correlates to helping your readers recognize the function of parts of your document which again will be helpful for future readers. Illustrations, line spacing, alignment, page layouts, and color and shading also really make your document look neat and well presentable that may attract readers. Design is important but if not used properly can make your paper look trashy even if your information is excellent.

The Bedford Reasearcher Chapter 15 Summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
5/12/14

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 15 Summary

       In chapter 15 of the Bedford Researcher, much of what was discussed was how to use your sources effectively and use them appropriately based on your writing situation. Once you have your sources it is good to establish purposes of the use of them. many include: introducing an argument, contrasting one, or provide evidence for your argument. There are many ways to present how you will describe the evidence you give, and based on your situation one may be better than the other. Many ways of presenting arguments include: aligning it with authority such as with a president or pope, define a concept, set a mood, provide an example, or qualify a point made. 

     There are many great ways to show an argument, however, a writer must format the actual quote or evidence properly in order for the argument to be valid. Providing attributions before, after or during a quote such as according to, suggested, or expressed can be not only effective but changes up the usual quotation format. Writers not only want to provide original attributions but also they want to quote strategically. Many such as partial quotations, complete quotations, and block quotations are great ways of quoting but again depends on the evidence to see which form of quotation would be the best. Quotations are not the only way of providing evidence, there is also paraphrasing, summarizing, and even summarizing in a group of sources. There are many ways of showing evidence but as long as you choose the right ones for your situation, you will have a nice paper.

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 16 Summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
5/5/14

The Bedford Researcher chapter 16 summary

       Chapter 16 of the Bedford Researcher explains how you can write in style. Removing unnecessary phrases or just omitting phrases in general is also discussed. Sometimes adding modifiers such as really or very fine, is not the best thing to do along with adding unnecessary introductory phrases. Stock phrases such "as a matter of fact" can be minimized to "in fact" which cuts down on the "fluff" of papers. Sometimes writing a shorter amount is better because it gets the reader to the point faster. 

       In addition, adding a passive or active voice (depending on your situation) along with a constant point of view help your reader read your paper with less work. Also the formality and specialized language is key towards putting in a good sense of your writing to your reader. However, even if you have all of that down, variety will make the final difference to your paper. Word variety makes your paper interesting and less monotone which will bore your reader. Varying your sentence structure will also help your paper receive acknowledgement. If you have good variety of words, a balanced sentence structure and transitions such as transitional phrases and paragraphs that flow well, your paper will be on the right track.

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 12 summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
1/29/14

 

 

The Bedfored Researcher Chapter 12 summary

 

 

 

 

       In Chapter 12 the Bedford Researcher discussed how to develop your argument. Developing your thesis statement is crucial to developing the body of your paper. For developing a thesis it is important to include reasons, evidence to support your reasons, and decide how to appeal to your readers. Many ways have been developed to appeal to your readers such as, appealing to authority, appealing to emotion, appealing to principals, and values, appealing to character, and appealing to emotion. However, a writer must be careful how they want to appeal to their reader, because depending on their argument and situation one appeal may be more appropriate to use than another. Deduction and Induction are good logic appeals as well when developing an argument. Deduction has moral and ethical appeals while Induction is more based on probability

       Integrity is another very important key step in developing your arguments. Making sure you have good integrity to your arguments and analysis is important if you want to convince your readers. Some key fallacies  to avoid when developing the body of your paper are: A red herring, irrelevent history, or jumping on a bandwagon. If writing or reading it is a good idea to avoid using or recognizing the following fallacies: Stacking the deck, questionable analogies, either/or arguments, and circular reasoning.

The bedford researcher chapter 11 summary

William Hoffmann
English 102
4/21/14

The Bedford Researcher Chapter 11 Summary

       This Chapter focuses on developing your thesis statement for you research paper. After researching and developing a position statement, then it is time to take your position statement and turn it into (while using your notes and sources) a thesis statement. Developing a thesis statement does not just come naturally usually. before writing one you should review your notes and identify the important information along with review and elaborate on ideas to help narrow your position into a thesis. Your role and purpose is also an important aspect to consider. Your thesis may change or be different that what you expected because of the role you are playing or the purpose of the research position you are in. In addition, reflecting on your readers needs may play an impact on the development of your research project.

       Depending on your issue, alternative thesis statements may be something to consider. Asking readers to learn something new, asking readers to change their beliefs or attitude and,  asking readers to take action are all options for writing a thesis. Also depending on the type of document you are about to write you might consider the following: an argumentative academic essay, informative newspaper article, or opinion column can determine how your thesis might turn out. Above all make sure your thesis statement is clear and focused and not too broad. A good thesis is one that many people could argue about.